1. Generic Structure of Procedure.
a. Goal: Showing the purpose
b. Material: Telling the needed materials
c. Step 1-end: Describing the steps to achieve the purpose
Language Feature of Procedure.
a. Using temporal conjunction
b. Using action verb
c. Using imperative sentence
d. Using Simple Present Tense
2. Between Explanation and Procedure Text
To see the differences between explanation and procedure, as the wrtiter explained before, we have to analyze the dominant language features and how the texts are used.
Procedure is commonly called as an instruction text. It uses a pattern of command in building the structure and uses the “to infinitive verb” which is omitted the “to” as well. It is mainly used to describe how to make something which is close to our daily activity. How to make a cup of tea, how to make a good kite, etc. are the best example of a procedure text.
On the other hand; explanation commonly uses the passive voice in building the text. It is used such as in a scientific written material. It describes how certain phenomenon or event happens. How a tornado formed, how tsunami works are the best examples of explanation texts. For further explanation, see explanation text above.
To see the differences between explanation and procedure, as the wrtiter explained before, we have to analyze the dominant language features and how the texts are used.
Procedure is commonly called as an instruction text. It uses a pattern of command in building the structure and uses the “to infinitive verb” which is omitted the “to” as well. It is mainly used to describe how to make something which is close to our daily activity. How to make a cup of tea, how to make a good kite, etc. are the best example of a procedure text.
On the other hand; explanation commonly uses the passive voice in building the text. It is used such as in a scientific written material. It describes how certain phenomenon or event happens. How a tornado formed, how tsunami works are the best examples of explanation texts. For further explanation, see explanation text above.
3. Read and understand the following examples of explanation text!
a. Text 1
Planting Chilies
Planting is a nice activity in our spare time. The following is guided information on how to plant a chili-plant easily. Here are the steps. Firstly, dry a handful seeding under the sunlight. Secondly, put the seeding on the soil. It should be in an open area. Next, wait it. There will come out the sprout after that let it be bigger.
Finally, put it in another big pot. It will soon grow bigger and bigger and yield us some fresh chilies soon.
a. Text 1
Planting Chilies
Planting is a nice activity in our spare time. The following is guided information on how to plant a chili-plant easily. Here are the steps. Firstly, dry a handful seeding under the sunlight. Secondly, put the seeding on the soil. It should be in an open area. Next, wait it. There will come out the sprout after that let it be bigger.
Finally, put it in another big pot. It will soon grow bigger and bigger and yield us some fresh chilies soon.
Analyzing the Text
Generic Structure Analysis
a) Goal; informing on how to plant chillies.
b) Material; excluded
c) Steps; showing the steps or method in planting chillies; from drying seed to putting the sprout in big pot.
Generic Structure Analysis
a) Goal; informing on how to plant chillies.
b) Material; excluded
c) Steps; showing the steps or method in planting chillies; from drying seed to putting the sprout in big pot.
Language Feature Analysis
a) Imperative sentences; dry a handful seeding, put it, etc
b) Action verb; put, dry, etc
c) Temporal conjunction; next, finally, firstly, secondly
d) Simple present tense pattern; planting is a nice activity, the following is a guided information
a) Imperative sentences; dry a handful seeding, put it, etc
b) Action verb; put, dry, etc
c) Temporal conjunction; next, finally, firstly, secondly
d) Simple present tense pattern; planting is a nice activity, the following is a guided information
b. Text 2
How to operate a fan
1) Plug the power cord into a wall outlet. (AC 120 Volts 60 HZ)
2) To make the fan move sideways, push the pin on top of the motor.
3) To move the fan up or down, first pull up the oscilla ting pin, then press the tilt adjustment knob.
4) To change the speed of the fan, press one of the switches at the bottom.
How to operate a fan
1) Plug the power cord into a wall outlet. (AC 120 Volts 60 HZ)
2) To make the fan move sideways, push the pin on top of the motor.
3) To move the fan up or down, first pull up the oscilla ting pin, then press the tilt adjustment knob.
4) To change the speed of the fan, press one of the switches at the bottom.
c. Text 3
How to insert SIM Card Cellphone
Cellphone is a modern communication device which connects one to the others by voice, written message and data. However this device can not work until the SIM card is inserted.
When inserting the SIM Card to cellphone, make sure that the cellphone has been switched off and follow the direction bellow:
First of all, press the locking catch and slide the cover then lift it off the phone. After that, push two catches in the opposite directions and remove the battery. Next, slide the SIM card carefully into the slot and make sure that the golden connect arson are facing to the connector of the phone. Then, put the battery and align it until snaps into its place.
Finally, insert the two catches of the back cover corresponding slot in the phone and slide the cover forward button of the phone until locks into place. Don’t forget to switch on the cellphone. Wait until it is ready to use.
How to insert SIM Card Cellphone
Cellphone is a modern communication device which connects one to the others by voice, written message and data. However this device can not work until the SIM card is inserted.
When inserting the SIM Card to cellphone, make sure that the cellphone has been switched off and follow the direction bellow:
First of all, press the locking catch and slide the cover then lift it off the phone. After that, push two catches in the opposite directions and remove the battery. Next, slide the SIM card carefully into the slot and make sure that the golden connect arson are facing to the connector of the phone. Then, put the battery and align it until snaps into its place.
Finally, insert the two catches of the back cover corresponding slot in the phone and slide the cover forward button of the phone until locks into place. Don’t forget to switch on the cellphone. Wait until it is ready to use.
d. Text 4
Bregedel Tempe (Tempe Fritters)
1) 150 g tempe
2) 2 tablespoons fried shallots
3) 3 kaffir lime leaves
4) 1 tablespoon flour
5) 1 egg
6) 1 cup vegetable oil for frying
Bregedel Tempe (Tempe Fritters)
1) 150 g tempe
2) 2 tablespoons fried shallots
3) 3 kaffir lime leaves
4) 1 tablespoon flour
5) 1 egg
6) 1 cup vegetable oil for frying
Spice paste:
1) 3 large chilies, seeds removed
2) 3 small chilies
3) 2 red shallots
4) 2 cloves garlic
5) 1/2 teaspoon chopped galangal
6) 1 candle nut
7) 1/2 teaspoon coriander seeds
8) 1/2 teaspoon salt
9) 1/4 teaspoon shrimp paste
1) 3 large chilies, seeds removed
2) 3 small chilies
3) 2 red shallots
4) 2 cloves garlic
5) 1/2 teaspoon chopped galangal
6) 1 candle nut
7) 1/2 teaspoon coriander seeds
8) 1/2 teaspoon salt
9) 1/4 teaspoon shrimp paste
1) Mash the tempe with a fork or place in the bowl of a food processor and blend until it resembles coarse bread crumbs.
2) Grind the spices in a mortar and pestle or place in the bowl of a food processor and blend to a smooth paste.
3) Put the mashed tempe in a bowl and mix with the spice paste, fried shallots and lime leaves. Stir in the flour, followed by the egg.
4) Shape the tempe into fritters the size of a golf ball and flatten a little with a fork.
5) Heat the vegetable oil in a wok over a medium flame. When the oil is hot, drop the fritters into the oil, five or six at a time.
6) Fry until golden brown on both sides, drain on absorbent paper and serve hot with rice.
2) Grind the spices in a mortar and pestle or place in the bowl of a food processor and blend to a smooth paste.
3) Put the mashed tempe in a bowl and mix with the spice paste, fried shallots and lime leaves. Stir in the flour, followed by the egg.
4) Shape the tempe into fritters the size of a golf ball and flatten a little with a fork.
5) Heat the vegetable oil in a wok over a medium flame. When the oil is hot, drop the fritters into the oil, five or six at a time.
6) Fry until golden brown on both sides, drain on absorbent paper and serve hot with rice.
e. Text 5
How to Make a Cheese Omelet
Have you ever eaten a cheese omelet? Do you know how to make a Cheese Omelet? No? Would you like me to tell it for you? Okay. This is the way. Listen to me.
To make a Cheese Omelet, you should prepare ingredients such as one egg, 50 grams of cheese, uhm… ¼ cups of milk, three tablespoons of cooking oil, uhm…what else ….? Oh, yeah, a pinch of salt and don’t forget some pepper.
Now, to make a Cheese Omelet, you will need some kitchen utensils like a frying pan, a fork, a whisk, a spatula, uhm….. a cheese grater …and a bowl and of course ….a plate. Okay? Are you following me? Right! Let me tell you how to make it.
First, crack an egg into a bowl like this. Then whisk the egg with a fork until it is smooth. After that, add some milk and whisk well. Grate the cheese into the bowl and stir. Next, heat the oil in a frying pan, and pour the mixture into the frying pan. Then, turn the omelet with a spatula when it browns. See, like this. Okay, next cook both sides. After the omelet is done, place it on a plate, don’t forget to season it with salt and pepper and you can eat it while warm. It’s easy, isn’t it? Bon appetite!
How to Make a Cheese Omelet
Have you ever eaten a cheese omelet? Do you know how to make a Cheese Omelet? No? Would you like me to tell it for you? Okay. This is the way. Listen to me.
To make a Cheese Omelet, you should prepare ingredients such as one egg, 50 grams of cheese, uhm… ¼ cups of milk, three tablespoons of cooking oil, uhm…what else ….? Oh, yeah, a pinch of salt and don’t forget some pepper.
Now, to make a Cheese Omelet, you will need some kitchen utensils like a frying pan, a fork, a whisk, a spatula, uhm….. a cheese grater …and a bowl and of course ….a plate. Okay? Are you following me? Right! Let me tell you how to make it.
First, crack an egg into a bowl like this. Then whisk the egg with a fork until it is smooth. After that, add some milk and whisk well. Grate the cheese into the bowl and stir. Next, heat the oil in a frying pan, and pour the mixture into the frying pan. Then, turn the omelet with a spatula when it browns. See, like this. Okay, next cook both sides. After the omelet is done, place it on a plate, don’t forget to season it with salt and pepper and you can eat it while warm. It’s easy, isn’t it? Bon appetite!
f. Text 6
Cooking Rice
Well, to cook rice you will need some rice and water. Now, let me tell you steps of cooking rice. Listen carefully. First, wash some rice in cold water. Like this. Second, put the rice with some water in a pot. Then, boil and cool it slowly for about 20 minutes. (After 20 minutes) See, there is no more water now. After that, put the rice to the simmer and steam it for about 45 minutes. Now, the rice is ready to be served.
Cooking Rice
Well, to cook rice you will need some rice and water. Now, let me tell you steps of cooking rice. Listen carefully. First, wash some rice in cold water. Like this. Second, put the rice with some water in a pot. Then, boil and cool it slowly for about 20 minutes. (After 20 minutes) See, there is no more water now. After that, put the rice to the simmer and steam it for about 45 minutes. Now, the rice is ready to be served.
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